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Diphtheria is a highly contagious disease which mainly effects the throat. The symptoms are sore throat, fever, headache. There is difficulty in swallowing. There is a whitish patch in the throat and if it spreads to the windpipe, there is difficulty in breathing.The child looks ill and toxic. The disease can lead to many complications of nerves? heart and kidneys, and sometimes an emergency operation(tracheostomy) may have to be done if the windpipe gets blocked with the membrane and the child has difficulty in breathing. The child will have to be hospitalized in an infectious diseases hospital for 3-4 weeks, and then convalescence proceeds at home for a few weeks more. This disease can be prevented by immunizing the child.