Задание 8. Письменно на английском языке ответьте на следующие вопросы исходя из текста:
1. What universities are called “redbrick” and why?
2. What educational establishments does the University of London include?
3. What is the difference between colleges and institutes within a university?
4. Where can most of the redbrick universities be found?
5. How do the redbrick universities organize their academic work?
6. What universities refer to the group of “new” ones?

FAMOUS BRITISH UNIVERSITIES
1. English universities differ from each other in date of foundation, size, history, tradition, general organization, methods of instruction, and way of student life. The universities, which were founded between 1850 and 1930, including London University, are known as redbrick universities. They were called so because that was the favourable building material of the time, though they are rarely referred to as “redbrick” today.
2. The University of London is by far the largest university, with about 39000 full-time students. It was established by the union of two colleges: University College (1827) and King’s College (1831). Later many other colleges, schools and institutes were added, and it also could be called a kind of federation of colleges, but the system is entirely dif-ferent. The largest of the London colleges are like universities in them-selves, having many different faculties and departments. Others specialize in certain subjects, like the London School of Economics and Political Science, the Imperial College of Science and Technology, the School of Slavonic and East European Studies, the School of Oriental and African Studies, the School of Architecture.
3. There are also institutes attached to London University as well as to other universities. Whereas colleges within a university teach all subjects, and schools – a group of subjects, these institutes specialize more narrowly, and are often more occupied with research than teaching undergraduates. In London University, for example, there are the Institute of Archeology, the Courtauld Institute (specializing in the his-tory of art) and some others.
4. Most of the redbrick universities founded in the nineteenth century are scattered throughout the country and are to be found in Birmingham, Bristol, Exeter, Hull, Leeds, Manchester, Liverpool, Nottingham, Sheffield, Southampton and some others.
5. The redbrick universities organize their academic work in a va-riety of ways. Subjects are taught in individual departments which are in turn grouped into faculties covering the main subject grouping, like arts, science, engineering, social science.
6. The “new universities” were all founded after the Second World War. Some of them quickly became popular because of their modern approach to university courses. The first of this group was Keele Uni-versity (in Staffordshire), founded in 1948. In 1961 seven new universities were approved: the universities of East Anglia, Essex, Kent, Lancaster, Sussex, Warwick, York. The traditional faculty structure in these universities has been avoided in an attempt to prevent overspecialization. One form of organization (at Sussex) is school, which embraces a range of related subjects. York and Warwick have structures which are closer to older universities.